第 43 卷第 1 期 Vol. 43 No. 1 2013 年 2 月 Feb 2013

所属栏目：专论与综述 用于质子交换膜的高质子传导率聚合物研究进展

付 彪，刘海燕，张 甄，王智强，张中标* （天津师范大学 水环境与水资源重点实验室，天津 300387）

摘　要：质子传导率超过Nafion膜的质子交换膜是近年来研究的焦点。质子交换膜的质子传导率与它们的IEC值和形态有关。形成离子通道是开发高质子传导率的质子交换膜的一种有效方法。形成离子通道主要有3种：1）用嵌段共聚物的微相分离；2）侧链和支链磺化的聚合物；3）局部区域的高密集磺化。此外，与无机纳米材料形成纳米复合材料的质子交换膜也能提高质子交换膜的质子传导率及质子交换膜的机械强度、尺寸稳定性、耐氧化稳定性等性能。综述了关于用于高质子传导率的燃料电池质子交换膜（PEM）的聚合物的研究进展。对高质子传导率的燃料电池膜聚合物的发展趋势进行了展望。

关键词：质子交换膜；磺化聚合物；燃料电池

中图分类号：TM911　　文献标识码：A　　文章编号：1009-9212（2013）01-0006-06

Development of Highly Proton-conductive Polymers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

FU Biao，LIU Hai-yan，ZHANG Zhen，WANG Zhi-qiang，ZHANG Zhong-biao* （Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Environment and Resources，Tianjin Normal University，Tianjin 300387，China）

Abstract：The proton exchange membranes（PEMs）presenting proton conductivities exceeding that of Nafion membrane were especially focused on in recent years. The proton conductivities of PEMs have been correlated to their ion exchange values and morphological phase separation. Formation of ionic channels is an effective approach to develop highly proton-conductive PEMs. There are three ways to the formation of ionic channels：1）development of microphase-separation with block copolymers，2）side-chain and grafted sulfonated polymers，and 3）locally and densely sulfonated polymers. Formation of nanocomposites of PEMs with nanofillers has also shown great ability to increase the proton conductivities of the existed PEMs. Besides proton conductivities，the formation of nanocomposites also improves some PEM properties including mechanical strength，dimensional stability and oxidative stability. The recent development of polymers for highly proton-conductive membrane was reviewed in this paper，and the future of these materials were also proposed.

Key words：proton exchange membrane；sulfonated polymers；fuel cells

作者简介：付 彪（1987-），男，江西南昌人，硕士，研究方向：磺化聚醚砜聚合物的改性及应用。（E-mail：wsabwsab@126.com）

联 系 人：张中标，教授。研究方向：功能高分子的合成。（E-mail：zhangzb@mail.tjnu.edu.cn）

收稿日期：2013-02-13