第 44 卷第 5 期Vol. 44 No. 5
2014 年 10 月Oct 2014

所属栏目:功能材料

吡啶并吡嗪/咪唑杂环化合物的合成研究
夏永根,陆 明* (南京理工大学 化工学院,江苏 南京 210094)
摘 要:以2,3-二氨基吡啶或2,3,5,6-四氨基吡啶盐酸盐等为原料合成了吡啶并吡嗪、吡啶并咪唑及吡啶并二咪唑氮杂环衍生物。探讨了反应条件对产物收率的影响,初步确定了优化反应条件。对2,3-二甲基吡啶并吡嗪及2,3-二乙基吡啶并吡嗪的合成,氯化铵-甲醇体系具有明显的催化效果。使用4,5-二羟基咪唑烷-2-酮代替乙二醛与2,3-二氨基吡啶反应,可显著提高吡啶并吡嗪的合成收率;对于吡啶并咪唑和2-甲基吡啶并咪唑的合成,以2,3-二氨基吡啶与原甲酸三乙酯或原乙酸三甲酯为原料,在磷钼酸催化下反应,收率达50%以上;对于吡啶并[2,3-b:5,6-b']二咪唑和2,6-二甲基吡啶并[2,3-b:5,6-b']二咪唑的合成,分别以2,3,5,6-四氨基吡啶盐酸盐与原甲酸三乙酯和原乙酸三甲酯为原料在磷钼酸催化下反应,收率可达68.7%和66.5%。
关键词:吡啶衍生物;氮杂环;胺醛;缩合;成环
中图分类号:O626  文献标识码:A  文章编号:1009-9212(2014)05-0049-05
Study on the Synthesis of the Compounds of Pyridopyrazinedione/Imidazole
XIA Yong-gen, LU Ming* (School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China)
Abstract:Several pyridopyrazinedione, pyridinoimidazole and pyridodiimidazole compounds were synthesized from 2, 3-diaminopyridine and 2, 3, 5, 6-tetraaminopyridine hydrochloride and the reaction conditions were investigated. NH4Cl-CH3OH system has significant catalytic effects on the synthesis of 2,3-dimethypyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine and 2,3-diethypyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine. Replacement of glyoxal with 4,5-dihydroxy-imidazolidin-2-one increased the product yield by its reaction with 2,3-diaminopyridine. Phosphomolybdic acid was a preffered catalyst for the preparation of pyridinoimidazole and 2-methyl pyridinoimidazole. Likewise, 2,3,5,6-tetraaminopyridine hydrochloride was reacted with triethyl orthoformate and trimethyl orthoacetate under catalysis of phosphomolybdic acid gave 2,6-dihydro-pyrido[2,3-b:5,6-b′]diimidazole and 2,6-dimethy-pyrido[2, 3-b:5, 6-b′]diimidazole in yield of 68.7% and 66.5%, respectively.
Key words:pyridine derivatives; nitrogen-containing heterocyclic; amine-aldehyde; condensation; cyclization
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金委员会和中国工程物理研究院联合基金资助项目(11076017)。
作者简介:夏永根(1989-),男,江苏盐城人,硕士研究生,研究方向:氮杂环化合物合成(E-mail:njustxyg2008@126.com)。
联 系 人: 陆明,教授,研究方向:含能材料制备与精细有机合成(E-mail:luming@mail.njust.edu.cn)。
收稿日期:014-09-01