第 50 卷第 4 期Vol. 50 No. 4
2020 年 8 月Aug 2020
所属栏目：医药及中间体

超临界CO2萃取西藏黄玛卡挥发油工艺优化及GC-MS分析
薛世开，朱东英，黄思宇，陈玉蓉，罗金花* （长沙学院 生物与环境工程学院，湖南 长沙 410022）
摘　要：研究了超临界CO2萃取西藏黄玛卡挥发油萃取工艺，并分析鉴定挥发油成分。以异氰酸苄酯、苯甲酸、2-苯乙酰胺、3-甲氧基苯乙腈、N-苄基甲酰胺含量为指标，以萃取压力、萃取温度和萃取时间为因素，设计单因素试验和正交实验。采用气相-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析挥发油成分，色谱峰面积归一化法计算各成分相对百分含量。优化萃取工艺为：萃取温度40 ℃，萃取压力35 MPa，萃取时间2 h。通过质谱库检索出35种化合物。该工艺稳定、可行，可用于萃取西藏产黄玛卡挥发油。萃取工艺和成分分析结果可为西藏引种黄玛卡资源及其质量标准评价提供依据。
关键词：玛卡；挥发油；超临界CO2萃取；化学成分；GC-MS
中图分类号：O6　　文献标识码：A　　文章编号：1009-9212（2020）04-0024-06
Technology Optimization of Volatile Oil of Yellow Maca in Tibet by Supercritical CO2 Extraction and GC-MS Analysis
XUE Shi-kai, ZHU Dong-ying, HUANG Si-yu, CHEN Yu-rong, LUO Jin-hua* (College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China)
Abstract：To optimize the extraction technology by supercritical CO2 extraction and analyze the chemical composition of volatile oil of yellow Lepidium meyenii Walp. in Tibet. The contents of isocyanate benzyl ester, benzoic acid, 2-phenyl ethyl amide, 3-methoxy benzene acetonitrile, N-benzyl formamide were taken as the indices, extraction pressure, extraction temperature and extraction time were taken as factors to design single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with retention index were used to analyze the composition of volatile oil and the relative contents of the components were determinated by area normalization. The optimum extraction condition were the extraction temperature of 40 ℃, the extraction pressure of 35 MPa, and the extraction time of 2 h; and 35 compounds were identified by mass spectrometry. This technology is stable and feasible, and can be used to extract the volatile oil of Lepidium meyenii Walp. in Tibet. The extraction technology and component analysis results provide scientific basis for the extracting Lepidium meyenii Walp in Tibet and its quality standard evaluation.
Key words：Lepidium meyenii Walp.; volatile oil; supercritical CO2 extraction; chemical composition; GC-MS
基金项目：湖南省自然科学基金青年项目（2017JJ3340），湖南省教育厅一般项目（17C0127），长沙学院博士科研启动基金项目（SF1603）。
作者简介：薛世开（2001—），男，湖南益阳人，主要从事植物精油综合性能的研究（E-mail：1729799255@qq.com）。
联 系 人：罗金花，女，讲师，博士，主要从事理论计算及天然产物研究（E-mail：luojinhua9988@163.com）。
收稿日期：2020-07-01