第 51 卷第 1 期 Vol. 51 No. 1 2021 年 2 月 Feb 2021

所属栏目：其它 水合肼还原硝化棉动力学模型研究

申 通，和尚杰，史 莹，吴晓青*，任 欣，赵鹏艳 （中北大学 理学院，山西 太原 030051）

摘　要：为了处理过期的废药以达到资源回收再利用的目的，安全、环保的水合肼还原法成为废药处理的发展方向之一。通过化学动力学定律结合紫外光谱分析，研究了水合肼还原过期废药硝化纤维素（硝化棉）的动力学，为今后处理废弃发射药提供理论模型。实验采用的水合肼浓度为10、8、6、4 g·L-1，温度选择30~90 ℃，通过硝化纤维素在水合肼溶液中的还原动力学方程的数据分析。结果表明，硝化棉与水合肼反应动力学级数为1.0级。其反应的活化能为39.1 KJ·mol-1，表观Arrhenius常数为4.42×105。

关键词：硝化棉；水合肼；活化能；反应级数

中图分类号：O621　　文献标识码：A　　文章编号：1009-9212（2021）01-0050-05

Kinetic Research Model of Nitrocellulose Reduction by Hydrazine Hydrate

SHEN Tong, HE Shang-jie, SHI Ying, WU Xiao-qing*, REN Xing, ZHAO Peng-yan (School of Science, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China)

Abstract：In order to deal with a large number of expired propellants (nitrocellulose) and achieve the purpose of resource recycling and reuse, the safe and environmental hydrazine hydrate reduction method has become one of the development directions of processing obsolete propellants. The kinetics of the reduction of nitrocellulose by hydrazine hydrate is studied based on the law of chemical kinetics combined with the analysis of ultraviolet spectroscopy, which provides a theoretical model for the future disposal of obsolete propellant. The concentration of hydrazine hydrate used in the experiment is 10, 8, 6, 4 g·L-1, respectively, and the temperature is selected between 30 ℃ and 90 ℃. The data analysis of reduction power equation of nitrocellulose in the hydrazine hydrate solution shows that the kinetic order of the reaction between nitrocellulose and hydrazine hydrate is 1.0, the activation energy of the reaction and the apparent Arrhenius constant are 39.1 kJ·mol-1 and 4.42×105, respectively.

Key words：nitrocellulose; hydrazine hydrate; activation energy; reaction order

作者简介：申 通（1993—），男，山西临汾人，硕士研究生，研究方向：有机合成（E-mail:490078757@qq.com）。

联 系 人：吴晓青，教授，研究方向：新型含能材料的合成与应用研究（E-mail:wuxiangqing1959@163.com）。

收稿日期： 2020-12-3